A Study to assess the effectiveness of Planned teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Vitamin B12 deficiency among the people in selected Areas of Mehsana City.
Dr. Dayalal Patidar1, Mr. Kaushal Patidar2, Mrs. Urmila Prajapati3
1Principal, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.
2Associate Professor, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.
3Final Year M. Sc. Nursing Student, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: kaush776@gmail.com, urmiprem1434@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as cobalamin deficiency, is the medical condition of low blood levels of vitamin B12. In mild deficiency, a person may feel tired and have a reduced number of red blood cells (anemia). In moderate deficiency, soreness of the tongue may occur, and the beginning of neurological problems including abnormal sensations such as pins and needles. Severe deficiency may include reduced heart function and greater neurological problems.1 Common causes include poor absorption from the stomach or intestines, deficient intake, and increased requirements. Decreased absorption may be due to pernicious anemia, surgical removal of the stomach, chronic inflammation of the pancreas, intestinal parasites, certain medications, and some genetic disorders.2 Objectives: To assess the knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency among the people. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency among the people. To find out the Association of knowledge with their selected demographic variables. Design: Pre-Experimental one group pre-test-post test design is used in this study Participants: 100 People, using simple randomized sampling technique in selected areas of Mehsana city. Interventions: Planned teaching program was given to people. Tool: Self-Structured Knowledge Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge of people. Results: 42% of the people belonged to the age group of 22-25 years, 65% of the people belonged to male, 98% of the people belonged to Hindu, 65% of the people belonged to joint family, 43% of people had graduation, 98% people were vegetarian, 45% of people had 5001-10,001 monthly family income, 87% had no family history regarding vitamin B12 deficiency and 79% people had no previous knowledge regarding vitaminB12 deficiency. Pre test mean score was 5.63 and post test mean score was 11.66. Pre test and post test mean difference was 6.03. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed planned teaching programme is effective in increasing the knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency.
KEYWORDS: Assess, Effectiveness, Planned teaching programme, Knowledge, Vitamin B12 deficiency.
INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
“Work joyfully and peacefully, knowing that right thoughts and efforts will inevitably bring about right results”
“James Allen”
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a water soluble vitamin that is derived from animal products such as red meat, dairy and eggs. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein that is produced by parietal cells in the stomach and necessary for the absorption of B12 in the terminal ileum. Once, absorbed, B12 is used as a cofactor for enzymes that are involved in the synthesis of DNA, fatty acids and myelin. As a result, a vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to hematologic and neurologic symptoms. B12 is stored in excess in the liver; however, in cases in which B12 can’t be absorbed for a prolonged period (Ex. Dietary insufficiency, mal-absorption, lack of intrinsic factor, hepatic stores are depleted and deficiency occurs. Vitamin B12 deficiency, cobalamin deficiency, Addison-biermer disease and pernicious anemia. Vitamin B12 deficiency, cobalamin deficiency, is the medical condition of low blood levels of vitamin B12, in mild deficiency; a person may feel tired and have a reduced number of red blood cells (anemia). In moderate deficiency, soreness of the tongue may occur and the beginning of neurological problems including abnormal sensations such as pins and needles. Severe deficiency may include reduced heart function and greater neurological problems. Neurological problems may include changes in reflexes, poor muscle function, memory problems, decrease taste and in extreme cases psychosis. Infertility may occur. In young children, symptoms include poor growth and development and difficulty with movement. Without early treatment, some of the changes may be permanent: common causes include poor absorption from the stomach or intestines, deficient intake, and increased requirements. (1)
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
“A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency among the people in selected areas of Mehsana city.”
OBJECTIVES:
· To assess the knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency among the people.
· To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency among the people.
· To find out the association of knowledge with their selected demographic variables.
HYPOTHESIS:
Ho: There will be no significant difference between pre- test and post-test knowledge score regarding vitamin B12 deficiency among people at 0.05 level of significant.
H1: There will be significant difference between pre- test and post- test knowledge score regarding vitamin B12 deficiency after administration of planned teaching programme among people at 0.05 level of significant.
METHODOLOGY:
An evaluative research approach was adopted for this study. The research design selected was pre experimental pre test post test one group design. The study was conducted in Mehsana city. 100 samples are taken and using simple randomized sampling technique. Data collection done after obtaining permission from authority. Self structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding vitamin B12 deficiency and prepared tool was validated by different experts.
RESULT:
This study shows that out of 100 samples, 42% of the people belonged to the age group of 22-25 years, 65% of the people belonged to male, 98% of the people belonged to Hindu, 65% of the people belonged to joint family, 43% of people had graduation, 98% people were vegetarian, 45% of people had 5001-10,001 monthly family income, 87% had no family history regarding vitamin B12 deficiency and 79% people had no previous knowledge regarding vitaminB12 deficiency. Pre test mean score was 5.63 and post test mean score was 11.66. Pre test and post test mean difference was 6.03.
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA:
Table 1:
|
Sr. No. |
Level of knowledge in people |
Pre test |
Post test |
||
|
Frequency (f) |
Percentage (%) |
Frequency (f) |
Percentage (%) |
||
|
1. |
Poor knowledge (0-6) |
67 |
67 |
10 |
10 |
|
2. |
Average knowledge (6-13) |
33 |
33 |
63 |
63 |
|
3. |
Good knowledge (14-20) |
00 |
00 |
27 |
27 |
|
Sr. No. |
Group |
Mean |
Standard deviation |
Mean difference |
t-value |
|
1. |
Pre test |
5.63 |
2.15 |
6.03 |
15.88 |
|
2. |
Post test |
11.66 |
3.13 |
Findings related to association between post test knowledge score of people with their selected demographic variables:
This finding demonstrated that there was no significant except one association between post test knowledge score with their selected demographic variables.
CONCLUSION:
The main conclusion from this present study is that most of people had poor knowledge regarding vitamin B12 deficiency in pre test and had improved to get extent after intervention which was revealed in post test. This shows the imperative need to understand the vitamin B12 deficiency in improvement of knowledge of people.
REFERENCES:
1. En.wikipedia.org/wiki/vitamin B12 deficiency.
2. Medlink.com/index.php/article/vitamin B12 Deficiency.
Received on 12.10.2020 Modified on 11.11.2020
Accepted on 08.12.2020 © AandV Publications all right reserved
Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2021; 9(1):88-90.
DOI: 10.5958/2454-2660.2021.00022.3